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粘度測定儀有哪些測量方法有哪些？

发表时间：2019-12-11 13:55作者：得利特

粘度測定儀有哪些測量方法有哪些？

粘度測定儀有動力粘度、運動粘度和條件粘度三種測定方法。

A1010运动粘度測定儀.jpg

(1)動力粘度：ηt是二液體層相距1厘米，其面積各爲1(平方厘米)相對移動速度爲1厘米/秒時所産生的阻力，單位爲克/裏米·秒。1克/厘米·秒=1泊一般：工業上動力粘度單位用泊來表示。
(2)运动粘度：在温度t℃时，运动粘度用符号γ表示，在国际单位制中，运动粘度单位为斯，即每秒平方米(m2/s)，实际测定中常用厘斯，(cst)表示厘斯的单位为每秒平方毫米(即 1cst=1mm2/s)。运动粘度广泛用于测定喷气燃料油、柴油、润滑油等液体石油产品深色石油产品、使用后的润滑油、原油等的粘度，运动粘度的测定采用逆流法
(3)條件粘度：指采用不同的特定粘度計所測得的以條件單位表示的粘度，各國通常用粘度測定儀的條件粘度有以下三種：
①恩氏黏度又叫恩格勒(Engler)粘度。是一定量的試樣，在規定溫度(如：50℃、80℃、100℃)下，從恩氏粘度計流出200毫升試樣所需的時間與蒸餾水在20℃流出相同體積所需要的時間(秒)之比。溫度tº時，恩氏粘度用符號Et表示，恩氏粘度的單位爲條件度。
②賽氏粘度，即賽波特(sagbolt)粘度。是一定量的試樣，在規定溫度(如100ºF、F210ºF或122ºF等)下從賽氏粘度計流出200毫升所需的秒數，以“秒”單位。賽氏粘度又分爲賽氏通用粘度和賽氏重油粘度(或賽氏弗羅(Furol)粘度)兩種。
③雷氏粘度即雷德烏德(Redwood)粘度。是一定量的試樣，在規定溫度下，從雷氏度計流出50毫升所需的秒數，以“秒”爲單位。雷氏粘度又分爲雷氏1號(Rt表示)和雷氏2號(用RAt表示)兩種。
上述三種條件粘度測定法，在歐美各國常用，我國除采用恩氏粘度計測定深色潤滑油及殘渣油外，其余兩種粘度計很少使用。三種條件粘度表示方法和單位各不相同，但它們之間的關系可通過圖表進行換算。同時恩氏粘度與運動粘度也可換算，這樣就方便靈活得多了
流體間産生內摩擦力的性質，稱爲流體的粘滯性。
動力粘度是指流體單位接觸面積上的內摩擦力與垂直于運動方向上的流速變化率的比值。
運動粘度是指動力粘度與同溫.同壓下流體的密度的比值。

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